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Abstract: 

When we watch horrific scenes unfold on the evening news, it is often apparent that the victims of the event had little planning or preparation to respond to similar situations. Fire departments train to put out fires and rescue victims. Police departments train to react to a number of incidents, including the rescue of threatened persons. Emergency medical teams train to treat the injured and transport them to treatment centers. However, there may not have been sufficient training that prepares emergency responders for assisting your institution under extreme conditions, such as hostile gunfire, natural disaster, hostage situations, explosives or incendiary devices, disabled victims, or the presence of deadly gasses. This article discusses points that must be addressed when training emergency response teams and responding to emergencies such as government resources and proper management.

Keywords: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA); Police; Fire departments; Emergency medical teams;

Affiliations:  1: Layne Consultants International/ International Foundation for Cultural Property Protection.