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Abstract: 

Although the RNR model has been shown to be effective in reducing future criminal behavior, critics suggest that it focuses too heavily on the deficits (needs) of people in the corrections system and does not sufficiently emphasize the relationship between them and correctional staff. Among the models that have been put forth to address this gap are the Good Lives (GLM)\desistance model, the Integrated RNR model (RNR-I), and the Coaching Model for Change (CMC). The authors offer the CMC as a way to better operationalize the RNR model and contrast the RNR’s use of staff as referees standing on the edge of the game, making judgment calls, and issuing penalties for rule infractions, to the CMC’s use of staff as coaches invested in the players, teaching skills, and learning ways to motivate them to successfully maneuver within the rules.

Keywords: Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model, Good Lives\desistance model, Integrated RNR model (RNR-I), Coaching Model for Change (CMC)

Affiliations:  1: Justice System Partners; 2: Bowling Green State University; 3: Justice System Partners.