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Abstract: 

Law enforcement officials, attorneys, courts, and domestic violence advocates have long recognized the value of court orders to enhance safety for domestic violence and stalking victims and to attempt to prevent further acts of abuse, threats, and violence. Such orders are enforceable throughout the United States and their violations may be state or federal crimes. While many professionals work with elders and vulnerable adults who are abused by intimate partners, many are unfamiliar with the available court orders, enforcement issues, and interjurisdictional complexities.

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Affiliations:  1: The University of California’s Hastings College.