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Abstract: 

The primary purpose of molecular genetic studies is to find variations in DNA (genotypes) that may be associated with and affect the behavior of individuals with particular forms of psychopathology or behavioral/ emotional disorders (phenotypes). This DNA variant associated with ADHD emerged in the human population about 50,000 years ago, and instead of being eliminated due to detrimental effects, it has increased, probably because it conveys some benefits to its carriers.

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Affiliations:  1: Child Development Center at the University of California,Irvine; 2: Sackler Institute of Developmental Psychobiology at Cornell University.