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Abstract: 

After a three-year pilot program started in Lisbon and Porto in January 2002, EM became fully operational at the national level in March 2005. Nuno Caiado, director of EM services in Portugal, explores in detail Portugal’s experience in implementing a national program of electronic monitoring for pretrial caseloads, probation, and parole and early release from prison. At the time the pilot was inaugurated, Portugal incarcerated 122 of every 100,000 adults, one of the highest rates in Western Europe; by the end of the pilot, the rate had fallen to 102, and no measureable increase in crime or arrest rates occurred during that period.

Keywords: Monitoring pretrial defendants; early release from prison

Affiliations:  1: SMMP, Portugal.