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Abstract: 

Risk factors for cervical cancer include the following: first intercourse at an early age, multiple sexual partners, history of sexually transmitted diseases, smoking, and/or the presence of Human Papilloma virus (condyloma accuminata). Given these risk factors, practically every offender is at a higher risk than normal for dysplasia and cancer of the cervix. The Papanicolaou smear (Pap smear) is a screening test employed to detect cellular abnormalities arising from the uterine cervix. The Pap smear, which relies on expholiated cells from the cervix, has a rather low sensitivity with false negative rates reported to be from 20% to 50%. Accuracy may be compromised in the presence of cervical inflammation and other local factors that may interfere with accurate determination of cytologic changes.

Keywords: Colposcopy, Squamous, Algorithm, cryosurgery, LEEP

Affiliations:  1: Indiana Juvenile Correctional Facility.