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Abstract: 

U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation report that 74% of all paroled inmates are rearrested within four years (Smarto, 1987).Despite the high rearrest rate, there are private faith-based organizations whose efforts have significantly reduced the recidivism rate, especially since the mid-1970s (Smarto, 1993). This article presents the origins and historical perspective of faith-based initiatives and reviews the two largest faith-based organizations in the world that provide Christian counseling, education, and training to help inmates and ex-offenders confront and deal with the meaning of their deviant experiences and facilitate the cognitive development of spiritual awareness and social mores to overcome destructive behaviors.

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Affiliations:  1: Webster University.